Computation tree logic model checking software

We study the model checking problembaier and katoen, 2008 for petl logic, with the following contributions. Computation tree logic, finitestate concurrent systems, model checking, temporal logic 1. Pctl is a useful logic for stating soft deadline properties, e. International journal on software tools for technology 41, 3456. Pdf quantum computation tree logic model checking and. Propositional temporal logic is not suitable for expressing properties on the evolution of dynamically allocated entities over time. Temporal logic model checking model checking is an automatic verification technique for finite state concurrent systems. Bottomup computation basic algorithm proceeds by induction on parse tree of. Currently, software systems for boolean grns use branching time almost. Finally we illustrate the use of the logic by reasoning. We demonstrate how to model check weighted ctl through xedpoint computation on a graph. Model checking algorithm searches the whole state space.

Counterexample when a property is not fulfilled limitations. It is used in formal verification of software or hardware artifacts, typically by. Principles of model checking, by two principals of model checking research, offers an extensive and thorough coverage of the state of art in computeraided verification. Temporal logic is considered a variant of modal logic, which is a branch of logic dealing with propositions that can be expressed as a set of possible worlds. Browse other questions tagged logic model checking software verification computation tree logic bdd or ask your own question. For more complex properties, the gna group has developed its own logic, called computation tree regular logic.

Btl and tree automata classes of temporal properties safety, liveness, etc. Model checking of software patrice godefroid bell laboratories, lucent technologies. Logic modeling a logic model presents a picture or a narrative of how processes communicate with one another. Discrete time markov chain probabilistic computation tree logic. So, we use computational tree logic on transition systems for model checking. By being based on properties formalized in temporal logic, model. Integration of formal methods with uml diagrams adds semantics to uml diagrams, enabling formal verification and validation during software. Modeling in software model checking software model checker works directly on the source code of a program but it is a wholeprogramanalysis technique requires the user to provide the model of the environment with which the. The system is modeled by generalized possibilistic kripke structures gpks, in short, and the verifying property is specified by a generalized possibilistic computation tree logic gpoctl, in. Probabilistic alternatingtime temporal logic and model. Model checking quantum markov chains sciencedirect. In this lecture we will cover ctl, a logic to reason about sequence of events. In case the property does not behave as requested, the model checker.

Akin ctl suitability for model checking pctl extension is widely used as a property specification language for probabilistic model. We give a sound and complete axiomatization of qctl and combine the standard ctl model checking algorithm with the deqpl model checking algorithm to obtain a model checking algorithm for qctl. Quantitative computation tree logic model checking based on generalized possibility measures yongming li. Hence, their reliability and dependability increasingly depends on software. Specifications are written in propositional temporal logic.

Taolue chen1,2 jian lu2 1 cwi, department of software engineering, p. Computation tree logic ctl is a branchingtime logic, meaning that its model of time is a treelike structure in which the future is not determined. Complexity 5 which propositions are true at which states. We outline previous e orts to encode this problem using dependency graphs and their symbolic extension. More specifically, we introduce a 3valued version of probabilistic computation tree logic pctl and give a model checking algorithm w. Temporal logic model checking systems are modeled by finite state machines. Automated program analysis with software model checking. A simplified form of timed tctl for standard model checking queries i. Xue, lei and li \citexue09 defined computation tree logic ctl based on possibility measures, which is called possibilistic ctl poctl. Linear temporal logic ltl, computational tree logic ctl, ctl, calculus, etc. In order to deal with the systematic verification with uncertain infromation in possibility theory, li and li \citeli12 introduced model checking of lineartime properties in which the uncertainty is modeled by possibility measures. There are three temporal logics used in model checking.

Furthermore, we present model checking for abstract probabilistic systems abstract markov chains with respect to specifications in probabilistic temporal logics, interpreted over a 3valued domain. Vectorized model checking for computation tree logic. Rich counterexamples for temporalepistemic logic model. Probabilistic computational tree logic pctl temporal logic for describing properties of mcs. In particular, it is not possible to trace such entities through computation steps, since this requires the ability to freely mix quantification and temporal operators. Computer science stack exchange is a question and answer site for students, researchers and practitioners of computer science. Acm turing award 2007 specifications are written in propositional temporal logic. Temporal logic and model checking university of cambridge. The model checking algorithm for a combination of the computation tree logic ctl and the propositional logic of knowledge plk in multiagent systems with perfect recall is revised.

Specifications in kripke structures are verified by computation tree logic ctl. Automatic verification of finitestate concurrent systems. Query evaluation with model checking based computation tree logic compared to the popular use of formal verification techniques in software. Developed independently by clarke, emerson, and sistla and by queille and sifakis in early 1980s.

Joostpieter katoen chair software modeling and veri cation october 14, 20. In this chapter, we describe a model checking based veri. Onthefly model checking of weighted computation tree logic. Model check modal logic temporal logic propositional formula symmetry reduction.

It has been established as one of the most effective formal verification techniques for analyzing the correctness of software and hardware designs. The models m are transition systems the properties. Temporal logic is a branch of symbolic logic which is concerned with problems on propositions that have truth values dependent on time. Motivation, background, and course organization prof. Kripke structure tree of computation s2 s1 s3 s2 s1 s3 s2 s1 s1 s3 s1 s3 s1 s2 s3. Probabilistic alternatingtime temporal logic and model checking algorithm. Computation tree logic propositional temporal logic with explicit quantification over possible futures syntax. In model checking, two alternative temporal logics are commonly used.

For instance, we will write formally statements such as. Temporal logic model checking automatic verification technique for finite state concurrent systems. Verification procedure is an exhaustive search of the state space. While it started as a new approach replacing the then common floydhoare. For achieving this, the expected properties need to be formalized into temporary logic computation tree logic ctl 31. However, refering to this wikipedia article the ctl. Kansas state university, usa software model checking tutorial. Computation tree logic model checking based on possibility. It is used in formal verification of software or hardware artifacts, typically by software applications known as model checkers which determine if. For its semantics, the knowledge operatork i is dened over agentis indistinguishable relation and the probabilistic operator. Pneuli proposed temporal logic model checking concept. To address this challenge, a model checking method is proposed. Temporal logic and model checking model mathematical structure extracted from hardware or software temporal logic provides a language for specifying functional properties model checking checks whether a given property holds of a model model checking is a kind of static veri. Model checking temporal logic formulas using sticker automata.

The book serves as an introduction to the field suitable for classroom use and as an essential guide for researchers. Quantitative computation tree logic model checking based. As an important complex problem, the temporal logic model checking problem is still far from being fully resolved under the circumstance of dna computing, especially computation tree logic ctl, interval temporal logic itl, and projection temporal logic ptl, because there is still a lack of approaches for dna model checking. Introduction in the traditional approach to concurrent program verification, the proof that a program meets its specification is constructed by hand using various axioms and. We define quantum computation tree logic, a quantum extension of pctl and ctl. Methodology for integrating computational tree logic model. With its coverage of timed and probabilistic systems, the reader gets a textbook exposition of some of the most advanced topics in model checking research. Pnueli 77 computation tree logic ctl, linear temporal.

The user in this case can express simple properties in ctl. Model checking computation tree logic over finite lattices. In other words, its an illustration of a sequence of causeandeffect relationships that are both going down the same path to achieve the same end results. Therac25 radiation overdosing 198587 radiation machine for treatment of. Model checking quantified computation tree logic springerlink. Model the system using the description language of a model checker. Computation tree logic ctl is a branchingtime logic, meaning that its model of time is a tree like structure in which the future is not determined. Modelchecking, is a technique to automatically determine whether a system model satisfies a specification. Satbased model checking, counterexampleguided abstraction refinement, and software model checking. Developed independently by clarke and emerson and by queille and sifakis in early 1980s. Branchingtime propositional temporal logic model a tree of computation paths 7 s1 s2 s3 s2 s1 s3 s2 s1 s3 s2 s1 s1 s3 s1 s3 kripkestructure tree of computation. Propositional logic temporal logic modelchecking benefit.

We study generalized possibilistic computation tree logic model checking in this paper, which is an extension of possibilistic computation logic model checking introduced by y. Infinite tree computation tree logic ctl propositional linear temporal logic. Model checking and temporal logic model checking is based on mainly temporal logic. Based on this, we propose a quantum extension of pctl and develop an algorithm for model checking. An approach of xml query evaluation based model checking. Quantum computation tree logic model checking and complete calculus. The aim of this paper is to show how big model checking problems for computation tree logic ctl can be handled by using current powerful vector processors. Hardware, software sequential, concurrent reactive, terminating. Box 94079, 1090gb amsterdam, the netherlands 2 state key laboratory of novel software technology, nanjing university, nanjing, jiangsu, p. State transition graph infinite computation tree the semantics of a fsm is a set of traces.